We conducted a prospective observational study of the format, structure, and content of internal medicine morning report. In the current study, we describe the current structure and format of morning reports in different residency programs across the USA as well as the diagnoses that are discussed. In the 1980s and 1990s, several single-center studies described certain aspects of morning report 9– 12 but no recent study has described the range of formats, participants, use of media, types of cases, and the relative amount of time devoted to different aspects of case presentation including history, physical exam, diagnosis, and management. Reports may also be adapted to emphasize certain aspects of medical education such as clinical reasoning or evidence-based medicine. 5– 8 There are however multiple other potential formats for morning report, including concentrating on one or two cases, prepared cases, and lecture-based formats. 4, 5 Typically, the chair of the department led morning report and commonly overnight admissions were reviewed unscripted. 3, 4 Studies from the 1980s demonstrated that morning report was held in nearly all internal medicine residency programs and typically consisted of post-call residents presenting admissions to the chief of medicine and other prominent faculty members who reviewed the cases for quality, patient safety, and resident evaluation. Surveys of residents have consistently found that morning report is viewed as the most important educational conference.

2 One of most enduring of these conferences is morning report, an often case-based educational conference traditionally held in the morning. 1 A recent time motion study found that the average internal medicine intern spends more than one hour per day at educational conferences. According to a recent survey by the American Medical Association and American Medical Colleges, there are more than 500 internal medicine residency programs with more than 27,000 trainees in the USA.

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